极低出生体重儿发生原因及影响预后的因素

The reasons and effects of prognosis of VLBWI

目的 探讨极低出生体重儿 (verylowbirthweightin fants,VLBWI)发生原因及影响预后的因素。方法 分析造成 10 8例VLBWI发生原因 ,并按体重分为≤ 12 5 0 g及12 5 1～ 15 0 0 g二组 ,比较其并发症、治愈率、病死率。 结果 造成VLBWI的主要原因有多胎妊娠 (39% )、孕妇过度劳累 (14 8% )、羊膜早破 (13 9% )、原因不明 (2 0 4 % )。全组治愈率 5 0 % ,病死率 17 6 %。二组治愈率、病死率和并发症发生率均差异有显著性。死亡的主要原因是颅内出血、呼吸窘迫综合征 (RDS)和感染。结论 加强孕期保健 ,降低VLBWI出生率 ;加强对VLBWI生命体征的监护、防止院内感染、尽早发现并发症并妥善处理 ,降低VLBWI死亡率。

Objective To investigate the factors in relation to the reasons and effects of prognosis of VLB-WI.Methods The hospital data of 108 VLBWI were divided into two groups according to the birth weight. The causes of VLBWI were analyzed and their complications, cure rate and mortality rate were compared and analyzed.Results The risk factors causing the premature birth of VLBWI were multiple births (39%), over tired (14.8%), re-rupture of membrane (13.9%) and in 20.4% cases no reason could be found. The cure rate was 50% and mortality rate was 17.6% for all VLBWI. There was a significant difference in the cure rate, mortality rate and proportion of complications of the two groups. The main mortal causes were intracranial hemorrhage, respiratory distress syndrome and infection.Conclusion The health care in period of pregnancy should be improved to reduce the birth rate of VLBWI; the living sign of VLBWI must be closely monitored , infection in hospital must be prevented, and the complication should be found as early as possible and treated carefully in order to diminish mortality rate of VLBWI.