珍稀竹种巨龙竹种群特性及其保护研究

A Study on the Population Characteristics of the Valuable and Rare Bamboo Species of Dendrocalamus sinicus and Its Conservation in Yunnan, China

云南省西南部特产的珍稀竹种巨龙竹 (Dendrocalamus sinicus) ,是世界上秆型最为高大的竹种 ,其秆高可达 30 m以上 ,径粗可达 30 cm以上。其单位面积产材量比毛竹高 5～ 8倍 ,是我国南部热带及世界热带至南亚热带地区推广前景最为广阔的优良经济竹种之一。基于原产区巨龙竹生物生态学特性和种源现状调查 ,作者分析论述了巨龙竹种群的自然分布局限性、生长发育脆弱性、文化内涵丰富性等特点。建议将其列为国家重点保护植物 ,并在其集中产区规划建立“巨龙竹种群生态和民族文化保护区”,尽快采取切实措施进行科学保护和开发。

Dendrocalamus sinicus is a endemic species in Southwest Yunnan, China. It is the largest bamboo in the world,which can grow to more than 30 m tall with 30 cm diameter. Its culm yield per unit area is 5～8 times higher than that of Phyllostachys pubscens, the most important economic bamboo species in China. It is an important bamboo species which has broad prospects in the tropical area of South China and in the tropical to south-subtropical area of the world. Based on the investigation on the biological characteristics and germplasm present situation of Dendrocalamus sinicus, we discussed the limitations of its natural distribution, fragile growth and propagation, substantial content of culture. It was suggested that this species should be listed as one of the wild plants of national priority protection,the monographic study for it should be aided financially by National Fund of Natural Science, the nature reserve for its ecological and cultural system should be invested by the government.