四川盆地引种麻竹笋期与发笋节律研究

A Study on Shooting Period and Rhythm of Dendrocalamus latiflorus Introduced into Sichuan Basin

研究了四川盆地引种麻竹的笋期和发笋节律 ,结果表明 :四川盆地引种麻竹的笋期为 5月上旬至 10月下旬 ,各竹丛间笋期 93～ 171d不等 ,平均 12 6 d。累积发笋率的概率单位 (P)依发笋天数 (X)的线性回归方程 P=1.8835 + 0 .0 30 7X,其回归和相关均达极显著水平 ,F=6 42 .4 184 * * ,相关系数 r=0 .9878**。据此可将麻竹笋期大致划分为为始发期 ( )、始盛期 ( )、高峰期 ( )、盛末期 ( )和结束期 ( ) 5个时期 ,其中从 7月中旬至 10上旬的发笋盛期 ( ～ )发笋量占全年发笋量的 83.79%。麻竹发笋前 10～ 6 0 d的旬平均温、最低温、最高温、≥ 10℃积温以及降雨量和温湿系数对发笋率的影响具有滞后效应。

The shooting period and rhythm of Dendrocalamus latiflorus,that had been introduced into Sichuan Basin,were observed and analyzed. The results showed that the shooting period of Dendrocalamus latiflorus is from May to October,and ranges from 93 to 171days among 12 clum ps,with an average shooting period of 12 6days. A linear re- gression equation of the probit of accumulative shooting percentages (P) on the shoot- ing days (X) ,P=1.883 5 + 0 .0 3 0 7X ,has been constructed with both slope (b) and cor- relation coefficient(r) significant ata level <0 .0 1(F =64 2 .4184**,r=0 .9878**) . On the basis of the equation,the shooting period was logically divided into 5 stages thatare an early( ) ,a starting-flourishing( ) ,a peaked( ) ,a declining-flourishing( ) , and a late( ) ones,of which the budded shoots during the flourishing stages( , , ) from the 2 nd ten days of July to the 1st ten days of October accounted 83 .79% of the total shooting percentage during the whole shooting period. There was a delay-effect of the average temperature,minimum temperature,maximum temperature,accumulated tem perature≥ 10℃ ,rainfall and its ratio to average temperature from the 1st to 6th ten day period before the start of bamboo shooting on the shooting percentage of bamboo shoots.