烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体亚型的表达调控及其生理意义

Expression regulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtype and its physiological significance

位于哺乳动物神经肌肉接头突触后膜上的烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体(nAChR)直接参与神经肌肉之间兴奋传递,对肌肉完成正常收缩功能具有十分重要的意义。nAChR是一种杂合五聚体蛋白,按亚单位组成的不同分为成熟型受体εAChR(α2βεδ)和胚胎型受体γAChR (α2βγδ)。本文主要对两者在表达时期、分布范围、调控机制和生理意义方面的差异进行综述。

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors concentrate on the postsynaptic membrane in the neuromuscular junction and participate in the neuromuscular transmission,which is of great importance to normal muscle function. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is a kind of pentamer.There are 2 types of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor due to the different subunit:fetal type γ-AChR (α 2βγδ) and adult type ε-AChR(α 2βεδ). This article reviews the difference of 2 types of nAChR in expression period,distribution,regulation mechanism and physiological significance.