内蒙古呼伦贝尔市饮茶型氟中毒调查与分析

Analysis of fluorosis associated with drinking brick tea in Hulunbuir city, Inner Mongolia

目的了解呼伦贝尔市牧区饮茶型氟中毒病区分布、病情程度、氟骨症X线特征等流行病学特点。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法,在呼伦贝尔市牧区4个旗调查儿童氟斑牙、成人氟骨症、儿童和成人尿氟以及砖茶氟、奶茶氟、水氟水平。结果8～12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率均为29.34%;成人氟骨症X线检出率平均为46.71%;儿童尿氟在0.18～10.60mg/L,成人尿氟在0.11～10.40mg/L;砖茶氟平均为(569.45±65.50)mg/kg,奶茶氟平均为2.5mg/L。结论呼伦贝尔市牧区4个旗均为饮茶型氟中毒病区,部分病区还并存饮水型氟中毒,由于叠加作用,造成呼伦贝尔市氟中毒病情比较严重。

Objective To investigate the distribution of brick tea induced fluorosis, epidemiological and radiological characteristics of fluorosis in Hulunbuir city. Methods Child dental fluorosis, adult skeletal fluorosis were epidemiologically investigated, as well as their levels of fluoride in serum, urine, milk tea,and water were assessed in the four counties in Hulunbuir city. Results The average dental fluorosis detected in 8 ～ 12 years old children was 29.34%. The average X-Ray detected adult skeletal fluorosis was 46.71%, child urine fluoride were 0.18 ～ 10.60 mg/L, adult urine fluoride were 0.11 ～ 10.40 mg/L. The average fluoride content in brick-tea was (569.45 ± 65.50)mg/kg, in the milk 2.5 mg/L. Conclusions All of the four counties in Hulunbuir city are regions of fluorosis associated with brick tea which is synergized by excessive fluoride in water. So fluorosis in Hulunbuir herd region is serious.