摘要
目的掌握陕西省饮水型氟中毒流行现状,评价防治效果。方法采用分层抽样的方法,调查8~12岁儿童氟斑牙、16岁以上人群氟骨症患病情况,对疑似氟骨症患者拍摄X线片,测定饮水氟、儿童尿氟。结果在20个调查县中,儿童氟斑牙患病率平均为38.64%,重病区高达75.56%;临床氟骨症患病率平均为11.76%,重病区高达31.73%;氟骨症X线阳性率达63.61%;饮水氟超标率达62.96%,超标水样含氟在2.1 mg/L以上的占55.15%;儿童尿氟中位数为2.00 mg/L,重病区高达4.58 mg/L。与1980年调查结果相比,85%的调查县儿童氟斑牙患病率出现了不同程度的下降,其中5个县由原来的病区县下降为非病区县,20个县氟斑牙患病率平均下降幅度达46.14%。结论陕西省饮水型地方性氟中毒流行仍然较为严重,以改水为主的综合性防治措施的实施取得了良好的防治成效。
Objective To explore the prevalence state of endemic fluorosis associated with and evaluate control effects in Shaanxi. Methods By stratified sampling, dental fluorosis in children aging 8~12 years and skeletal fluorosis in adults aging above 16 years were examined. X-Ray films were taken in subjects with suspicious skeletal fluorosis. Fluoride levels in drinking water and children's urine were determined. Results In 20 counties, the dental fluorosis rate was 38.64%, and 75.56% in severe fluorosis areas. The skeletal fluorosis rate were 11.76%, and 31.73% in the severe fluorosis areas. The positive rate of X-Ray detection was 63.61%. The fluoride levels in 62.96% of water samples exceeded criterion established by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. The fluoride levels in 55.15% of water samples of over-criterion were beyond 2.1 mg/L. The median of fluoride levels in children's urine was 2.00 mg/L, and 4.58 mg/L in the severe fluorosis areas. As compared with 1980, the dental fluorosis rate descended in varying degrees in 85% of 20 counties, among which 5 counties had become non-endemic fluorosis areas. Average decreased ranges of the dental fluorosis rate reached 46.14% in 20 counties. Conclusions The prevalence of endemic fluorosis associated with drinking water is comparatively serious in Shaanxi. Prophylactic measures, such as improving water quality, have achieved great results.
出处
《中国地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第1期56-58,共3页
Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology
基金
陕西省地方病防治办公室资助项目(2002-20)
关键词
氟化物中毒
流行病学
数据收集
儿童
Fluoride poisoning
Epidemiologic studies
Data collection