刑法学中“人”的观念的演变

The Evolution of the Concept of “Person" in Criminal Jurisprudence

在刑法学中 ,对主体的态度不同 ,刑法立场就可能不同。近代以来 ,随着刑事古典学派和实证学派的先后登场 ,刑法学中的人开始从“抽象刑法人”过渡到“危险个体”。如果要在刑事领域坚持一种法治立场 ,刑法学应当采用“抽象人”的观念 ;但是 ,司法实务总是倾向于探求个人的危险性格。由于刑法理论和实务之间对人的看法存在严重的不一致 ,所以 ,有必要根据规范违反说 ,提出“规范意识主体”的概念 ,以使刑法学对“人”

In the Theory of Criminal Law, when we have different attitudes towards the subject, perhaps we have different criminal positions. From modern times, with the classical school and the positive school of criminal law successively coming on stage, 'person' of the theory of criminal law begins to transfer from 'abstract criminal person' to 'dangerous individual'. If one insists on the position of rule of law in the field of criminal law, he should use the idea of 'abstract person' in the theory of criminal law. But judicial practice always tends to search for the dangerous personality from individuals. Because the theory of criminal law and judicial practice have severe different attitudes towards the concept of 'person', we should put forward the concept of 'the subject of criterion awareness' in accordance with the theory of violating criteria so that criminal jurisprudence has more reasonable attitudes towards 'person'.