猴头菇子实体中的主要多糖成分

Main polysaccharide fractions isolated from fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus

目的对猴头菇子实体中的多糖进行分离、纯化和组成分析。方法猴头菇依次经过水提取和碱提取,所得粗多糖以DEAE-celluose色谱、Sephadex凝胶滤过色谱和Fehling试剂沉淀等方法进一步分离纯化,高效凝胶滤过法(HPGPC)鉴定纯度及相对分子质量,气相色谱和IR光谱分析多糖的比旋光度和化学组成。结果从猴头菇子实体中提取得3部分粗多糖CPW、CPB1和CPB2,经分离纯化得到5种多糖HEP-1～HEP-5,其中HEP-1和HEP-4为杂多糖,HEP-3和HEP-5为葡聚糖,HEP-2为酸性多糖。结论猴头菇子实体分到的5种多糖主要含以D-葡萄糖为主的中性糖,以葡聚糖含量最多,其中HEP-1、HEP-2为新类型的真菌多糖。

Objective The polysaccharides from fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus were isolated, purified, and characterized. Methods The fruiting bodies of H. erinaceus were extracted by water and (alkaline) successively. The crude polysaccharides were isolated and purified by DEAE-celluose, Sephadex gel filtration chromatography, and the precipitation with Fehling agent. The purity and molecular weight were identified by HPGPC. Their specific rotations were also determined and the sugar compositions of polysaccharides were analyzed by GC and IR. Results Three crude polysaccharide fractions (CPW, CPB1, and CPB2) were extracted from fruiting bodies of H. erinaceus, from which five polysacchrides, designated HEP-1-HEP-5, were obtained. Among them HEP-1 and HEP-4 were neutral heteropolysaccharides, HEP-3 and HEP-5 were glucans, and HEP-2 was an acidic polysaccharide. Conclusion The five polysaccharides are mainly composed of neutrual sugars, particularly of D-glucose. HEP-1 and HEP-2 are two new types of fungal polysaccharides.