摘要
浙江省西部龙游县的龙游大型古地下洞室群由 24 个洞室组成,该洞室群开挖于 2000 年前。通过现场调查发现,龙游石窟不仅以其独特的“设计”方式(斜顶、熨斗形岩柱以及斜墙等)及其所蕴藏的岩石力学信息,闪烁着我国古人在地下工程科学和技术方面的智慧光芒,而且充满待解的疑团。正因为如此,它已引起许多岩石力学学家和工程地质学家的关注。作者从现场工程地质调查和三维数值计算入手,对龙游石窟的斜顶“设计”所蕴含的工程科学问题进行了分析。结果发现:(1) 从工程地质调查入手,龙游石窟各洞室顶板的倾向和倾角基本与岩层的倾向和倾角一致,这就说明斜顶“设计”是古人在满足某种建造目的的前提下巧妙运用地下结构的特点和地质条件的产物;(2) 三维数值计算结果表明,斜顶“设计”可以有效地改善洞室围岩的应力条件,减小顶板下沉量和边墙的侧向外鼓变形,这对洞室的稳定都极为有利。由此可见,古人所采用的斜顶设计是一种很好地解决超浅埋问题的方法,从中可以看到古人的智慧。
An ancient man-made near ground surface rock cavern group was found in Longyou County,Zhejiang Province. The 24 large caverns were excavated 2000 years ago. Its findings attract the attentions of the scholars in the world. Through the field investigation it is found that there are many highlights involved in the excavation of these caverns,such as the inclined roof,the iron-shaped pillars,and the inclined sidewalls and etc.,in which the most noticeable is the inclined roof. In this paper,the detailed field investigation and 3D numerical analysis are carried out to show the engineering scientific problems contained in the inclined roof. The field investigation results reveal that the dip direction and dip angle of the roof are almost coincident with those of the bedding plane. That means the ancients knew very well how to control the direction and the dip angle of the cavern’s roof to sustain the stability of them. The results of the 3D numerical analysis also provide the same conclusion of that. The design of inclined roof can not only improve the stress condition of the surrounding rock but also reduce the settlement of the roof and the lateral deformation of the sidewalls. So,the inclined roof is the best way to solve the shallow buried problem.
出处
《岩石力学与工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第2期336-343,共8页
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40272112)
