也谈诗歌翻译——兼论黄杲炘先生的“三兼顾”译诗法

Reflections on Huang Gaoxin's "Emulation Method" in E-C Poetry Translation

我认为诗歌翻译应该民族化,黄杲炘先生的译诗译论就是一种民族化.黄先生肯定了诗律在诗歌翻译中的重要地位,为汉语作为理想的译诗载体立言,提出了诗歌翻译的量化标准,特别是他发展了“以顿代步”译诗法,提出“兼顾顿数、字数和韵式”的译诗主张,在英诗汉译领域作出了突出贡献。本文就译诗诗行的字数、五七言的使用、诗题翻译和译诗用韵的选择问题提出一些个人看法,意在使“三兼顾”译诗法发扬光大。

With its insistence that great importance be attached both to emulating the metrics of English verse and to tapping into the rich expressiveness of the Chinese language, Huang Gaoxin's 'emulation method' makes unique and significant contributions to the theorization of E-C poetry translation. This paper elaborates on the key methodological principles and evaluative criteria proposed by Huang Gaoxin, directing attention in particular to the principle of 'substituting pause for foot' and of 'simultaneously paying attention to the number of pauses, the number of characters, and the rhyming patterns.' Drawing from and developing on Huang's original insights, the author presents a personal perspective on such issues as concern the determination of the line-length, the adoption of traditional Chinese poetic forms, the construction of the title, and the choice of rhyming schemes in the target text.