宁夏南部山区牧草需水规律和节水灌溉技术的新进展

A Review on Water Requirement Regulations and Water Saving Irrigation of Pasture in South Region of Ningxia

当前宁夏南部山区已全面实施了封山禁牧和退耕还林、还草 ,人工牧草已成为家畜舍饲的主要饲草来源 .但在干旱的宁夏南部山区 ,水成为制约人工草地产量的一个重要因子 .因此 ,解决畜草矛盾和生态恶化的主要措施是发展高产稳产的人工牧草地 ,而对人工草地进行适时适宜灌溉是提高草地牧草产量和质量的关键条件 .针对上述问题 ,笔者拟就干旱半干旱地区的牧草需水规律和灌溉制度进行研究 ,就灌溉对牧草生长发育和产量品质的影响等方面作一综述 ,以期对宁夏南部山区的牧草节灌技术的提高提供参考依据 .

Planting pasture had become a main forage for c onfined livestock while prohibiting from grazing and changing sloping field into grassland or woodland had been bring into effect in south of Ningxia. However, drought was a restricted factor for the yield of planting forage in this region. High and steady yield of planting grassland was an important measure to solve t he problem of the confliction between livestock and forage and deterioration of environment. Furthermore, appropriate irrigation of planting forage was a key fa ctor for improving yield and quality of forage. Focusing on the above questions, a review on water requirement regulation and water saving irrigation of forage were introduced, and the effect of irrigation on growth, development, yield and quality of forage also were described.