文学本性的复归与传统文学的总结——明中叶复古派论略

Revival of Literary Nature and Summary of Traditional Literature: Brief Discussion of the Advocates of the "Back to the Ancients" Literary Drive

理学对文学的侵入戕害了文学之为文学的本质存在,"前七子"把握住了"情"这一文学最基本内核,以之为基点昌复文学。"后七子"反对为左派王学浸润的唐宋派,进一步卫护了文学的独立。但前后"七子"未能恰切掌握"情实"与"格调"的关系,陷入机械摹古的绝路。后期王世贞力图将两者统一起来,并循此思路统合了中国文学理论与创作中许多对立范畴和流派,中国传统文学至此走完了它"自生展"的全部逻辑历程。因此,晚明才出现了个性主义等现代性质的文学因子。

The invasion of literature by Neo-Confucianism infringed the literary nature. 'Qian qi zi' grasped 'passion', the most fundamental core of literature, and took it as the basic point for the revival of literature. 'Hou Qi zi', being a-gainst the school of Tang-Song scholars infiltrated by the Left, further defended literary independence. But both of them failed to have a good grasp of the relationship between 'passion' and 'style' and fell into the impasse of imitating the ancients mechanically. In the later period Wang Shizhen endeavored to seek the union of the two and integrated plenty of opposite categories and schools of Chinese literary theory and creation. Up to then, Chinese traditional literature came to the end of its logic course of 'self-growth'. So such modern literary factors as individualism did not appear until the late Ming Dynasty.