论孙中山的民族主义

A Probe into Sun Yetsen' s Nationalism

孙中山的民族主义是不断发展的思想理论,其内涵有一个丰富完善的过程和从功利到理性的飞跃,开放性和自主性为基本特征,"天下为公"、"世界大同"为终极追求。它来源于中国传统文化和西方资本主义文化,而之所以能兼纳两种不同,与他生活的时代社会和个人特有的经历有关。在推翻皇权专制的过程中,孙中山的民族主义具有积极意义,同时为今后处理国内各民族的关系指明了正确的道路。"恢复民族精神"的强调,加速了中华民族意识的觉醒,增添了民族凝聚力,促进了古老的中华民族向近代民族发展和进步。其"反帝"主张的明确提出,弥补了早期民族主义的缺陷,推动了中华民族反压迫斗争和民主革命运动的发展。

Sun Yetsen's nationalism is a constantly developing ideological theory, whose connotation involves a process of being enriched and perfected and displays a leap from utility to reason. His nationalism is characterized primarily by openness and independence. Its ultimate pursuits are ' the whole world as one community' and 'the entire world in great harmony'. It originated from traditional Chinese culture and western capitalist culture. Why was it possible for his nationalism to absorb the two different cultures? Because it was closely related to the age and society in which he lived as well as to his particular experiences. In the process of overthrowing the despotic emperor, Sun Yetsen's nationalism displayed active significance, and simultaneously it clearly pointed out the correct direction for handling the relationships between the various nationalities in China. The emphasis placed on ' restoration of the national spirit' accelerated the awakening of the consciousness of the Chinese nation, reinforced our national cohesion, and pushed the old Chinese nation to develop and progress towards a modern nation. The proposition of fighting against imperialism was clearly put forward, thus making up for the defect of early nationalism. This helped push the struggle of the Chinese nation against oppression and the Democratic Revolutionary Movement to develop further.