血液透析患者院内感染危险因素分析

Analysis of Risk Factors in Haemodialysis Patients with Hospital Infection

目的 :探讨尿毒症血液透析 (血透 )病人院内感染的危险因素和预防措施。方法 :2 0 4例住院血透病人中 2 9例发生院内感染 ,对年龄、贫血、左心衰、血浆白蛋白、侵袭性治疗、感染部位和时间、诱发因素进行评估。结果 :当血透病人出现下列情况之一 :年龄超过 6 0岁 ,血红蛋白低于 6 0g/L ,血浆白蛋白低于 30g/L ,有左心衰竭或有静脉插管 ,其院内感染率明显增加。左心衰竭易出现肺感染 ,低蛋白血症者易出现动静脉吻合口处感染 ,静脉导管出口处感染与保留导管时间过长明显相关。结论 :血透患者发生院内感染与医疗行为有关 ,积极控制易患因素能有效减少院内感染。

Objective: To explore the risk factors and p reventive measures of hospital infection among the haemodialysis (HD) patients.Methods: There were 29 patients occurring hospital infection amo ng 204 in-patients with HD. The inducible factors, including the age, anemia, le ft-heart-failure, serum albumin, invasive treatment and anatomic area of hospita l infection were collected and evaluated at the same time.Results: The hospital infectious rate increased evidently when t here was one of the factors: being over 60 years; haemogolbin less than 60g/L; s erum albumin less than 30g/L; left-heart-failure; vein catheter.The patients wit h left-heart-failure were apt to take place pulmonary infections. The outlet of arteriovenous anastomotic stona took place infection. The infectious rate of the outlet of the vein catheter was obviously correlated with the overtime of prese rving tube.Conclusion:The hospital infection in HD patients is obviously co rrelated with the hospital behaviors. Susceptible factors should be paid more at tentions to effectively prevent hospital infection among HD patients.