世界林业航天遥感进展

The Recent Development of Space Remote Sensing in Forestry in the World and Its Inspiration

文章论述了近10年来遥感资料获取技术的进步和今后10年的展望;介绍了资源大国、林业集约经营国家和发展中国家遥感技术在林业资源调查、灾害与环境监测方面的应用情况,以及与GIS相结合的发展趋势;在总结了近年来工作的基础上,提出了林业遥感所面临的任务。

The paper describes remote sensing platform, for information source and latestprogress in space remote sensing application for forestry of all countries, including resourcesinventory, disaster, ecological environment monitoring, and remote sensing (R. S) combined with geographic information system, (GIS) etc. Such research in China and the trends inrecent years are also presented. In 1986～1990, the key national research project of the 'comperhensive Remote sensing inventory in 'Three Norths' protective forests' was spon-sored by the Chinese academy of forestry (CAF). which promoted the research both ontheory and application in forestry, giving a new method of atomospheric correction in imageprocssion. When using space and airphoto data separately or simultaneous use of both to es-timate forest growing stock, the accurcy reached is more than 80%. An evaluation of thethree methods by double index of accuracy and cost shows that the efficiency of space R. S isthree times that of air R. S. At the same time, a goeogryphic information system--Geouniand GIDAS of forestry has been established. In 1987,C. A. F using NOAA, AVHRR andSPOT data, researched forest fire behavior and estimated the damage of forest growing stockin Daxinganlin mountains. The ground station of C. A. C. used TM image to monitor pinecaterpillar in 1988～1989 with succss. In 1985, The academy of Forestry Inventry andPlanning, Ministry of Forestry conducted a fieasibility reseach on forest inventory on basisof airborne radar image of band C. Results show that 1: 50 000～100 000 scale is properfor interpretation with an accuracy of 76～79%. From now on, the R. S technical researchwill be focused on multi--stage. multi--time phase research. The basic research and itsorganization and management should be enhanced, especially the research of automatic R. Simage recognition based on expert system and mathematical model, and the research of RScombined with GIS.