分子育种及其在牦牛育种中的应用

Molecular Breeding and its Application in Yak Breeding

随着分子遗传学、计算机科学、信息科学和现代生物技术的迅速发展,由分子遗传学与数量遗传学结合产生的新兴交叉学科——分子数量遗传学也得到了一定的发展,并为动物分子育种奠定了理论基础。与传统的动物育种方法相比,动物分子育种是直接在DNA水平上对性状的基因型或基因进行选择,因而其选种的准确性大大提高。同时,转基因技术的成功应用不仅可提高畜牧业的生产效率,还可拓展家畜的新用途。本文综合论述了分子育种及其在牦牛育种中的应用情况。

With the rapid development of molecular genetics,computer science,information science and modern biotechnology,molecular quantitative genetics,as a result of combination of molecular ge- netics and quantitative genetics,also developed very fast and it served as the basis of animal molecular breeding. Compared with the conventional breeding methods,molecular breeding selects animals directly based on genotypes,which is more accuracy than traditional method based on phenotypes. At the same time,the application of transgenic technique can make use of all possible genetic variation,improve ani- mal productivity,and spread new utilization of domestic animal. Animal molecular breeding and its appli- cation in yak breeding were discussed in this review.