内隐学习研究进展及其对外语教学的启示

An Overview of the Research on Implicit Learning and Its Implications for Foreign Language Teaching

从20世纪80年代以来,内隐学习的研究取得了长足的进展。研究表明,内隐学习能在无意识的情况下自发进行。在刺激结构复杂、关键信息较为隐蔽的条件下,在感知微妙、复杂的关系方面,内隐学习比外显学习更具优势。有关内隐学习的研究成果对外语教学提供了很好的启示:外语学习应是有意识的努力和无意识的习得之间的结合。因此有必要更新外语教学观念、教学方法和教学策略,创造有利于内隐学习的环境。

The research on implicit learning has made a big progress since the 1980s. Recent studies show that implicit learning can occur without the learner's awareness. Implicit learning is superior to explicit learning in perceiving subtle and complex relations with complicated stimuli and hidden information. The research findings have significant implications for foreign language teaching and learning. Foreign language learning should benefit from both conscious efforts and incidental acquisition. We should therefore change our notions, improve our methods and strategies in foreign language teaching, so as to create an optimal environment for implicit leaning.