当代人文社会科学研究中的"学"之辨

Differentiation between Science and Discipline in the Study of Social Science at Present

人文社会科学研究中所使用的"学",主要涵指"科学"与"学科"这两个相互区别和联系而又演变多义的概念。在不同的历史时期、不同的文化背景下,其含义既有贯通相类之处,又有週异不同之点:有时可以互指或代指,有时则各有所指或异指;有时单指其一义,有时又复指其二义;有时合指或混指其多义,有时则宽指或概指其综合义,等等。因此,需要明辨之、厘清之、慎用之。

Science and discipline are two connotative, distinctive, yet related terms which are the focus of the study of social sciences. Their connotations mirror both close relationships and distinctive differences against different cultural backgrounds in different time periods: sometimes they are used as interchangeable expressions and mean different aspects on other occasions;they may mean one thing or two different things; they may also have multiply meanings or are used together; they may designate something broad or general. Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish these two expressions to enable people to use them appropriately.