人权及其国际保护与区域性保护

Human Rights, its International Protection and Regional Protection

迄今,人权经历了三个发展阶段,体现了三个层次的内容。它具有普遍性和特殊性这两个基本特点,是二者的矛盾统一体。人权保护首先是国内问题,但随着人类社会的发展,也逐渐国际化、区域化,成为当今举世瞩目的一个问题。全球范围内国际人权保护法制化进展缓慢,人权保护的效果也不明显。相比而言,区域性人权保护走得更远。欧、美、非洲三大区域以相关国际人权文件为蓝本制定了各自的区域性人权公约,建立了更为有效的区域性人权保护机制,有力地推动了国际人权保护的发展。

So far, the concept of human rights has gone through three stages, reflecting three levels of content. Human rights have two basic characteristics: universality and particularity, contradicting to each other while existing in unity. In the early times, the protection of human rights is a domestic affair, but with the development of human society, it becomes internationalized and regionalized, and nowadays gradually becomes an affair of world interest. The legalization of global protection of human rights was in a slow pace and far from effective. On the contrary, regional protection of human rights has taken further steps. Europe, America, and Africa, the three major regions, using relevant international documents as blueprint, have established their own regional human rights conventions, set up a more effective mechanism for the protection of human rights, greatly advanced the development of international protection of human rights.