摘要
根据所测定的白色力克斯兔(WR)、哈尔滨白兔(HW)及杂种一代(F_1,?WR×?HW)和回交一代[B_1,?WRX×?F_1,包括分离出的力克斯毛型(B_1R)和正常毛型(B_1N)]的5个血液蛋白多态系统——红细胞酯酶(Es—1、Es—2和Es—3)、前转铁蛋白(Prt)和后白蛋白(Po)的基因频率和基因型新率,比较了群体间的基因分布,估算了各群体内的平均杂合度和群体间的遗传距离,并运用类平均聚类法进行了聚类分析.结果表明,白色力克斯兔和哈尔滨白兔基因分布差异最大.亲缘关系最远;杂种一代和回交一代基因分布差异最小,亲缘关系最近;杂交一代和回交一代与白色力克斯兔亲缘关系较近,与哈尔滨白兔较远;回交一代中B_1N和B_1R间基因分布也存在一定差异.各群体平均杂合度大小为0.5223(HW)、0.4182[B_1,0.4846(B_1N)和0.3223(B_R)]、0.1105(F_1)和0.3946(WR).研究结果表明,利用蛋白多态性探讨家兔品种或品系间亲缘关系以及区分家兔品种或品系是可行的.此外,本文还结合各群体的变异性,对白色力克斯免和哈尔滨白兔的选育进行了探讨.
On the basis of the previously determined genotype and gene frequencies of 5blood proteins: erythrocyte esterase (Es-1, Es-2 and Es-3), pretransferrin (Prt) and postalbu-min (Po) in White Rex rabbit (WR), Harbin White rabbit (HW), their first filial generation(F_1?WR×?HW) and first backcross generation [B_1?WR×?F_1, including segregated rexcoat rabbit (B_1R) and normal coat rabbit (B_1N)], the distribution of genes among these rabbitpopulations was comparatively studied and the average heterozygosity within each population andgenetic distances among the populations were estimated. Besides, cluster analysis was conductedusing unweighted pair-group arithmetic average (UPGMA). The results showed that the relationsbetween WR and HW are farthest, while F_1 and B_1 (B_1N, B_1R) most intimate; F_1 and B_1 are abit closer with WR. The difference of gene distribution between B_1R and B_1N is observed. Theaverage heterozygosities are 0.5233 (HW), 0.4182 [B_1 0.4846 (B_1N) and 0.3223 (B_1R)],0.4105 (F_1) and 0.3946 (WR), respectively.
关键词
力克斯兔
哈尔滨白兔
杂种
遗传
Rex rabbit
Harbin White rabbit
first filial generation
first backcross generation
protein polymorphism
genetic distance
