鸡实验性成骨髓细胞性白血病的病理学研究

Pathology of Experimental Myeloblastosis in Chicks

将禽成骨髓细胞性白血病病毒(AMV)BAI—A株鸡传代血浆毒5稀释,按0.2mL/只剂量,给2日龄伊莎和尼克鸡雏翼部皮下注射.结果:接毒后第12d仅骨髓的血窦外区出现多发性成髓细胞增生灶,而外周血液和其他器官无明显变化.接毒后第19～37d发病死亡26只,尸体消瘦、贫血,骨髓出现多发性成髓细胞增生灶,其涂片中成髓细胞和颗粒髓细胞占全血细胞的81.60±12.35％;在血液涂片中占63.84±3.85％.在肝脏涂片中,成髓细胞几乎代管了肝组织.肝脏、脾脏和肾脏由于成髓细胞在其血管内外聚集和肿瘤性增生而显著肿大,重量明显增加,肝重为正常的4.22倍,脾重为2.66倍,肾重为2.11倍.接毒后第60d,在骨髓、肝脏和心肌实质内见许多灰白色半透明针尖大小点(由成髓细胞组成的结节).法氏囊缩小,皱褶内滤泡几乎完全萎缩、消失.

Forty-seven two-day-old Isa and Nick were divided into experimental and controlgroups, 0.2 mL of 1: 5 diluted plasma of chick, through which avian myeloblastosis virus(AMV) had been passed, was inoculated subcutaneously into wing web of each experimentalchick. At 12 day after inoculation, the myeloblastic response in experimental chicks was onlyseen in bone marrow. During the period of 19-37 days after inoculation 26 chicks died. Thesedead chicks showed emaciation and anemia. Multiple foci of proliferative myeloblasts were foundin bone marrow. 81.60±12.35% cells were myeloblasts and granular myelocytes in bone mar-row smear and 63.84±3.85% in blood semear. Myeloblasts almost replaced hepatic tissues inliver smear. Intravascular accumulation and extravascular neoplastic proliferation of myeloblastwere observed in liver, spleen and kidneys. These organs were obviously enlarged in size and evi-dently increased in weight. The liver weight was 3.22 times as heavy as normal one, spleen2.66 times, kidney 2.11 times. The myeloblastic nodules appeared as small translucent grayishfoci were found in bone marrow, liver and cardiac muscles at 60 day after inoculation. The bur-sal follicles in atrophied bursal almost completely disappered. The myeloblasts in bone marrowwere first attached by AMV, which resulted in myeloblastic proliferation and myeloblasts spillinginto the sinusoids and then being transported to liver, spleen and others through blood stream.Neoplastic proliferation of myeloblasts was seen around blood vessels in those organs.