鹅绒皮加工过程中组织结构变化的研究Ⅰ.冬季鹅皮肤的组织结构观察

Studies on the Structure Changes of the Goose Skin in the Tanning Process——Ⅰ. Observations on the Histological Structure of the Goose Skin in Winter

采用HE、胶原纤维染色法和弹性纤维染色法,对15只冬季白鹅皮肤的组织结构进行了显微镜观察.结果如下:鹅皮肤分表皮、真皮和皮下组织3部分.表皮为复层扁平上皮.真皮分浅、深两层.浅层致密,由胶原纤维束组成,纤维束细而编织相对比其他几层紧密.深层又分成3层:致密层由平滑肌束和较疏松的结缔组织组成;疏松层由大量脂肪细胞和少量结缔组织组成;弹性纤维层主要由胶原纤维和弹性纤维组成,胶原纤维束细小,编织比疏松层紧密而排列杂乱.皮下组织主要由疏松结缔组织组成,其中分布有大量的脂肪细胞.本实验还对鹅身体各部位皮肤的厚度作了统计分析,结果显示:表皮和真皮浅层以颈部最厚,而真皮深层和弹性纤维层则以背部最厚.对毛囊毛根的观察可知,毛根有两种形态不同的类型.

Using the H & E, collagenous fiber and elastic fiber staining methods,the authors have observed the structure of the goose skin in winter with microscope.The results showed that the skin was separated into three parts, i. e. epidermis, dermisand hypodermis respectively. The epidermis is stratified squamous epithelia. The dermisconsists of two principal layers: the outer layer is dense and composed of bundles of col-lagenous fibers, the bundles are small and organized more compactly as contrasted withthe other layers; the inner layer has three parts: the dense layer nearing the outer der-mis consists of some smooth muscle bundles and connective tissue; the loose layer in themiddle consists of a lot of fat cells and a little connective tissue; the elastic fiber layerlying on the hypodermis has some collagenous and elastic fibers. The hypodermis iscomposed of loose connective tissue with a lot of fat cells. The measuring results: theepidermis and the outer layer of the dermis at the cervix and the inner layer of the der-mis and the elastic fiber layer at the dorsum were the thickest.