唯美的艺术:中国古典诗歌的审美主流

Art of Aestheticism:The Aesthetic Mainstream in Chinese Classic Poetry

以诗歌为代表的中国古典文学的审美形态 ,一直被归类为以儒家思想为指导、偏于政治与伦理的实用型模本。事实上 ,我们通过对唐人编选的几个有代表性的唐诗选本考察 ,以及结合其后著名的诗论家严羽的真实美学思想来看 ,在中国古代诗歌最鼎盛的时期 ,即诗歌美学成熟了的唐、宋时代 ,古典诗歌的正宗代表是以王维为代表的讲究高妙意境、声韵美感的“神韵”一派。相比之下 ,以杜甫、白居易等为代表的儒家“写实”派诗风 ,倒有旁门左道之嫌。

The major aesthetic mode in Chinese classic literature that is represented by poems has long been classified as a practical mode that, guided by Connfucianism, emphasizes politics and ethics. Actually, through reading some representative selections of poems compiled by some poets in Tang Dynasty, we find that in the prime of Chinese classic poetry, namely in the periods of Tang and Song Dynasties when the theories about poetry had become mature, the orthodox conception of classic poety represented by Wang Wei who stressed the metaphysical and beautiful sensibilities, is the school of“Romantic Charm.”While the realistic school, headed by Du Fu and Bai Juyi who were particular about Confucianism, has been regarded unorthodox.