“《石壕吏》,老妇之应役”辨

Debat on “the Old Woman's Beng Forced to Serve Military Corvee Labour by Shihao Runners in‘Shihao Runners’”

受浦起龙“《石壕吏》 ,老妇之应役也”这种说法的影响 ,后世学者在注析《石壕吏》时普遍认为 :被石壕吏捉去服役的 ,只有老妇一人 ;她的媳妇 (即“孙母”)则幸免于难。其实 ,除老妇外 ,“孙母”也被石壕吏捉去“急应河阳役”了。本文从事理、文理以及诗人的创作风格等三个方面对之进行了分析 ,并认为只有这样理解 ,才能准确把握老杜是诗的思想性和艺术性。

Under the influence of the argument of Pu Qilong, it has been widely accepted by scholars of later ages that the old woman was the only one who had been caught to serve the military corvee labour, while her daughter-in-law (i.e. Mother Sun) escaped it by sheer luck. In fact, Mother Sun as well as the old woman were caught by Shihao runners and were hurried to serve the military corvee labour in Heyang. This essay makes analysis on this problem from three aspects of logical reasoning, the poem itself and the creation style, believing that only through this way of understanding can we precisely appreiate the ideological content and artistry of Du Pu’s poetry.