长江下游夏大豆地方品种群体蛋白质含量、油分含量及量产等性状的遗传变异和相关研究

STUDIES ON GENETIC VARIABILITY AND CORRELATION OF PROTEIN CONTENT, OIL CONTENT AND YIELD OF THE POPULATION OF LAND SOYBEAN VARIETIES IN THE LOWER YANGTZE RIVER VALLEY

本文以长江下游地区随机抽取的86个地方品种为材料,以6个推广品种为对照,研究该地区大豆地方品种群体蛋白质含量、油分含量和产量等16个性状的遗传变异和遗传相关。结果表明:该地区蛋白质含量较高,油分含量中等,平均值分别为43.9％和20.8％,变幅分别为37.9—48.0％和18.2—23.2％;蛋白质含量有明显的地理差异;蛋白质含量,产量,生物产量、百粒重及生育期等性状有较大遗传变异和选择潜力;各生态区之间品种性状表现有不同的特点。蛋白质含量和油分含量显著负相关。提高蛋白质产量首先在于提高种子产量本身,而产量又与生物产量显著正相关。

Eighty-six land varieties chosen randomly from the population of land soybean varieties in the Lower Yangtze River Valley were used to study the genetic variability and correlation of 16 traits including protein content, oil content and yield and so on, with six commercial cultivars as controls. The experiments were carried out in a randomized block design with three replications in Nanjing, 1984 and 1985.The results showed that the protein content of the population were relatively high. The means and ranges of protein content and oil content were 43.9% and 20.8%, and 37.9-48.0%and 18.2-23.2%, respectively. Protein content appeared apparently geographical differences. There showed pretty high genetic variability in protein content, protein yield, oil yield, biological yield, seed size and growth periods, and the great potentialities existed in this population for the m pro-vement of yield and protein content. The results also indicated that the Tarietiesion different ecological regions had different peculiarities.There were significantly negative correlation between protein content and oil content in this population. In the improvement of protein yield, the seed yield appeared to be an important factors in comparison with protein content. In addition, there showed a significantly positive correlation between yield and biological yield.