夏大豆的干物质积累和氮磷钾吸收分配动态的研究

STUDIES ON THE RULES OF DRY MATTER ACCUMULATION AND THE ABSORPTION DISTRIBUTION OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM FOR SUMMER SOYBEAN

夏大豆产量的高低与各生育期的生长发育状况,养分吸收代谢有密切关系。夏大豆在亩产182kg的产量水平下,每生产100kg籽粒,需要N7.7kg,P_2O_5 2.3kg,K_2O 4.9kg。夏大豆干物质积累的特点是,结荚至鼓粒期积累最快,积累率为35.3％,每株日增重21.7g。夏大豆吸收氮磷钾的数量随生育阶段而不同。植株氮磷钾含量是生育前期高于生育后期。而吸收量以结荚至鼓粒期吸收最多,氮、磷、钾吸收量分别占总吸收量的26.9％,30.9％,38.9％。鼓粒期以后,植株中氮、钾含量明显下降,唯有磷素还在继续吸收。

The yield of summer soybean has close relation with the status of growth and development & nutrient absorption in each growing period. The experimental results show that 7.7 kg of N, 2.3kg of P2O3 and 4.9kg of K2O is needed to produce 100kg soybean seed under the yield level of 182 kg per mu. The principal characteristics of dry matter accumulation for summer soybean is that from the pod elongation stage to the begining of seed-filling period the summer soybean gets the fastest accumulation, the accumulative rate is 35.5% the day-increased dry matter per plant is 21.7 g. The absorbed quantity of N, P and K varies with the growth and development stages. The content of N, P and K in plant at the early stage is higher than that of the late stages. But the accumulative quantity is the most at the stage from the pod elongation to begining of seed-filling, and the absorptive ratio of N, P and K is 29.6%,30.9%,38.9%, respectively. The content of N, P and K in plant declines notably after the seedfilJing stage, but the absorption of P is still carrying on.