社会因素剖宫产婴儿的智力、运动发育及气质评定

Evaluation of Social Factors on Intelligence, Movement and Temperament in Infants Delivered by Elective Cesarean Section

目的 探讨分娩方式选择的影响因素以及社会因素剖宫产对婴儿智力、运动发育水平和气质类型的影响。方法 采用回顾性队列研究方法 ,确定社会因素剖宫产和顺产产妇队列 ,其中社会因素剖宫产 81例、顺产 10 1例。于婴儿出生后 8～ 12个月时行Bayley婴幼儿发育量表和婴儿气质问卷测试 ,分别调查婴儿的智力发育指数(MDI)、精神运动发育指数 (PDI)和气质类型。运用协方差分析法比较两组婴儿MDI和PDI的差异。运用多元Logis tic回归模型 ,分析分娩方式的影响因素以及分娩方式与婴儿气质类型的关联性意义。结果 两组婴儿的MDI和气质类型分布差异无显著性意义 ,而顺产儿PDI与剖宫产儿差异有显著性意义。影响分娩方式的因素有父亲生育年龄、母亲受教育程度、家庭月收入和婴儿出生体重。结论 社会因素剖宫产对婴儿的气质类型无显著影响。从生长发育的角度看 ,社会因素剖宫产婴儿智力发育并不优于顺产 。

Objective To examine the effect of elective cesarean section (ECS) on intelligence, movement and temperament in infants and affecting factors for choosing delivery methods.Methods In a retrospective cohort of ESC we chose 81 women with ECS as elective cesarean section group (group C) and 101 women with spontaneous delivery as spontaneous delivery group(group S). Using Revision of the Infant Temperament Questionnaire (RITQ) and Bayley Scale of Infant Development (BSID), the type of temperament, mental developmental index (MDI) and psychomotor developmental index (PDI) of their children aged 8 to 12 months were investigated. By analysis of covariance we compared the difference of MDI and PDI between the two groups. The affecting factors for delivery methods, correlation between delivery methods and the type of temperament were analyzed by using logistic regression model.Results There′ s no obvious difference between the two groups in MDI and the character of temperament. But mean of PDI of group S was significantly higher than that of group C. The main affecting factors for delivery methods were as the following: father′s age at baby birth, educational level of mother, monthly income in family and birth weight of infant, respectively.Conclusion There′ s no significant effect of ECS on the type of temperament in infants. In terms of growth and development, infants′ intelligence development of group C isn′t better than that of group S. Furthermore, ECS probably has potential influence on infants′ movement development.