高效纤维素分解菌生物强化技术在工厂化好氧堆肥中的应用初探

Application of High Efficient Cellulolytic Microorganisms in Plant-scale Aerobic Composting

以从堆肥中筛选、分离并保存的17株纤维素降解菌为复合接种剂,以滇池流域主要蔬菜废物和花卉秸秆为堆肥底物,在4.5m×8.0m×3.5m的工厂化好氧发酵仓内,对相同控温条件下不同接种剂量的生物强化技术对堆肥进程的影响进行了试验研究。结果表明,在一次发酵的第5d,以0.4%(质量比)的接种量向堆肥中接种纤维素降解复合菌剂,可使其迅速成为堆肥优势菌群,有效提高降解速率;而二次发酵初期同剂量的二次接种能有效促进二次发酵阶段堆温的回升,提高木质纤维素等难降解物质降解程度,优化堆肥终产物物理性状,表现为接种处理的堆肥终产物的筛过率(孔径2.0cm)比不接种处理高20%以上,在相同腐熟度下可缩短堆肥周期约20d。

Bio-augment of composting inocula with different inoculating doses including 17 species of cellulolytic microorganisms was studied in a plant-scale co-composting system of vegetable wastes and flower stalks. The experiments were carried out in composting barns with cubage of 4.5×8.0×3.5 m3 at Dian-chi drainage area. The substrates were treated with different ways by inoculating 0.1%, 0.4%, 0%cellulolytic microorganisms, respectively. The inoculations were operated in both the first and second composting stage. When the temperature reached the peak value since composting started during the first fermentation stage, the pile was turned over and its temperature was controlled under55℃by aerating intermittently. During the second fermentation stage, the pile was turned over once a week to ensure good air condition. Temperature, moisture, organic matter and screening rate were measured during the process. The result showed that inoculation of lignocellulolytic microorganisms with 0.4%(m/m) inoculating dose at the 5th day of the first composting stage increased the population density of both indigenous microorganisms and strains of inocula, which became dominant population of the compost. The second inoculation with the same dose at the beginning of the second stage effectively accelerated the temperaturerising and significantly improved the degradation of the lignocelluloses in compost. The screening ratio (φ2cm sieve pore ) of the end product with inoculation was 20%higher than that of the control, which equaled to reducing he osting material daughter? still ge much better in mocae, right? ersity.20 days' composting time. Treated similarly with 0.1%(m/m) inoculating dose, the substratedidn't degrade as quickly as the referred during the first fermentation stage, but it did more quickly during the second. The former reached the compost end 10days earlier than the later.