汉语信息加工及其认知神经机制的研究——20年研究工作的回顾

Cognitive processing of the Chinese language and its neural mechanism

本文介绍作者 2 0年来在汉语认知方面的一系列研究结果 ,包括前 15年的基于认知心理学的研究和后 5年的基于认知神经科学的研究。文章分为 8个部分 ,分别介绍汉字的视知觉、汉字的读音及语音在阅读中的作用 ,汉语词汇结构的表达和加工 ,语句和课文理解 ,汉语儿童字形和语音意识的发展 ,汉英双语者两种语言的表征和加工 ,语言障碍和汉语信息加工的脑机制。在文章的最后一部分 ,作者简要总结了自己的研究经验 ,提出了汉语认知研究的一些原则 ,如信息加工原则、层次原则、结构和过程统一的原则、语言普遍性和差异性统一的原则、会聚一致的原则等。文章最后展望语言认知研究的未来发展 ,提出某些值得研究的重要领域。

The paper reviewed a series of research on cognitive issues of Chinese language that the author and his colleagues have studied in the past 20 years, the first 15 years of which were based on cognitive psychology and the late 5 years of which on cognitive neuroscience. The results were unfolded respectively in eight parts: visual perception of Chinese character, the pronunciation of Chinese phonogram and the role of phonology of Chinese character in its meaning access (i.e. reading), the presentation and processing of morphological structure of Chinese lexicon, comprehension of Chinese sentence and text, development of orthographic and phonological awareness of Chinese children, Chinese English bilinguals representation and processing of two languages, Chinese language disorder, and neuro anatomic mechanism of Chinese character reading. In the last part of the review, the author summarized his year to year research experiences, proposed several principles in this area, and indicated some significant fields worth of further studying in the coming years.