社会学知识中的社会意象——Doxa概念与布迪厄的社会学知识论

Conceptualization of the Social within Sociological Knowledge:Doxa and Bourdieu's sociological knowledge theory

布迪厄对“学究眼光”的批评着眼于后者终会造成“社会失却”的问题,但他的知识论思路试图将社会分析在社会学研究和认识论上双向展开,从而使得社会学的思考能构成实质意义上的对社会的思考。其进路逐渐体现为一种“社会学的社会学”,即把知识论的问题作为一种反思社会学来写作的风格。本文通过对布迪厄的重要概念“信念”(Doxa)在实践感、场域分析和符号权力三个面向上的整理,提供一种理解其作品社会学品质的路向。我们可以看到,于此意义上,他对学术场域的分析也是将后者作为科学理性本身的问题域来处理的。在他看来,惟其如此,社会学才能通过清理社会机制的作用使社会学的知识祛除种种自以为是和神秘化的倾向,成为人们据以面对社会世界的一种眼光,并自觉地迈向一种科学和政治的现实主义立场。

Criticizing scholastic point of view as the main epistemic obstacle for adequate social science,Bourdieu's knowledge theory stands out as'a sociology of sociology'of which the dialectic between substantive social analysis and proposals of sociological knowledge is the bedrock.So the paper tries to comprehend this point through his concept of Doxa on three dimensions:practical sense,field analysis and symbolic power.We can make it clear how Bourdieu's conceptualization of society or'social' is embedded within his search of sufficient knowledge theory directed to the scientific field as the problematic of scientific reason. Moreover his knowledge theory aims at how the sociological knowledge can be demystified and breaks with various spontaneous discourses.