先唐诔文述德内容的变迁及其文学化进程

THE CHANGES OF CONTENTS IN THE FUNERAL EULOGY AND ITS LITERALIZATION PROCESS IN THE PRE-TANG DYNASTY

先唐诔文的作谥职能不断弱化,具体体现为所诔对象的非事功化以及作者和所诔对象关系的私人化。这导致了诔文述德内容的改变:先秦两汉时期诔文述德主要在道德、政治方面;魏晋以来则突出才性、情趣。这些变化促使着诔文由礼仪之文向抒情之文转变。

In the pre-Tang period, the eulogy in the funeral prayer was diminishing, showing that the dead eulogized were becoming non-political and the relationship between the writers of prayers became more personal. This brought about changes in the contents of the memorial speeches. During the pre-Qin, Western Han and Easter Han periods, the eulogy focused mainly on the ethical and political qualities of the dead; but after the Wei and Jing Dynasties, the eulogy mainly dealt with the literary talent and temperament. These changes showed the transition or literalization of funeral prayers from ritual writings to lyrical writings.