河南省开封县改水降氟受益村民相关知识调查

Understanding of endemic fluorosis among benefited villagers in areas with fluorine-lowering water supply program in Kaifeng County,Henan Province

目的了解地方性氟中毒病区改水受益人群对地氟病的认识,查找改水降氟工程停用原因。方法在开封县48处改水降氟工程所辖村随机抽取1440户中20岁以上的常住人口进行问卷调查。结果地氟病区群众对该病相关知识了解较少,测试及格率仅为1879%,男性村民及格率为2044%,女性村民及格率为1727%,两者间有显著性差异;不同文化程度村民间对地氟病相关知识了解也存在显著性差异;村民知识来源5128%为村、乡级医务人员;停用报废工程所辖区群众地氟病相关知识掌握较差,与工程正常运转地区所辖群众地氟病相关知识知晓了解程度之间存在非常显著性差异。结论改水地区群众地氟病防治知识了解得很少,影响了改水工程的正常运转,氟病区急需开展相关知识的健康教育。

Objective To investigate the understanding of endemic fluorosis among the beneficiaries of fluorine-lowering water supply program in epidemic areas and to identify the reasons of suspension of the program. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among permanent residents aged over 20 years old in 1140 households, in 48 villages of Kaifeng County, Henan Province, where a fluorine-lowering water supply program had been implemented and then suspended by random sampling. Results The passing rate of the fluorosis-related knowledge was 18.79%, with a higher rate among the males than among the females (20.44% vs. 17.27%) and a higher rate among those with higher educational level than among those with lower educational levels. The villagers got their relevant knowledge mainly from the medical doctors at township and village levels (51.28%). Conclusion The villagers in the areas where the fluorine-lowering water supply program was suspended knew little about the control of endemic fluorosis, which hinders the normal operation of the project. Health education is to be strengthened there.