从明人文集看晚明旅游风气及其与地理学的关系

The Traveling Fashion in Late Ming Dynasty and Its Relationship with Geography: A Research on the Anthologies of Literators in Ming

晚明社会风气的巨大变化使旅游成为一件正经事,大批文人热衷于游览名山大川观察社会风情,并蔚为时尚,许多人写下描写自然环境与人文景观的文章,其中突出者遂成为著名的旅游家,个别超群者则成为杰出的地理学家。本文通过对明人文集中旅游文章的全面清理,既从数量上也从见识方面论证了晚明旅游风气的形成过程,并分析了地理学从历史学附庸的地位转而成为一门独立的学科的历史背景。

Great changes of fashion in late Ming Dynasty turned traveling a serious business. It was then quite popular that lots of literators were keen on traveling around famous mountains and rivers or having a look into the social phase. Many people had written to describe natural and human landscapes. Among them, those who did good job became great travelers and those especially preeminent ones distinguished themselves as geographers. Through a roundly research on the anthologies of the Ming literators, this paper demonstrates how traveling became a common practice in late Ming in view of the quantity of the traveling notes and the knowledge-accumulated records. In addition, it also analyzed the historical background when geography surfaced as a independent discipline by breaking from history.