共享知识在话语理解过程中的作用

The Role of Shared Information in Discourse Understanding

共享知识作为语境的一部分,在话语理解中起着非常重要的作用。Sperber&Wilson的关联理论中谈到语境作用越强,关联性越大,说话人与受话人的话语活动更易于成功。同时,根据语境的动态性,共享知识也是处于动态之中,并不是固定的,而是随着话语的发展而不断丰富发展的,反之,共享知识的发展又推动了整个话语向前发展。本文主要结合关联理论来论述共享知识在话语理解过程中的作用及其动态性。

The shared information as one part of the context plays a very important role in discourse understanding. Relevance theory by Sperber & Wilson presents the idea that contextual effects are stronger, and the utterances are more relevant, so that, the addresser and addressee will more easily make a successful communication. At the same time, according to the dynamics of the context, shared information naturally also is in dynamics and changing, but not fixed and given formerly, and develops and gets rich with the processing of discourse. This paper mainly discusses the role and the dynamics of shared information under the fra- mework of relevance theory in communication.