摘要
单亲是指单独与子女生活的一方父母。在中国,离异和丧偶是成为单亲的主要原因。如何客观地评价这一群体,帮助其更好地生存与发展是亟待解决的重要课题。因此,我们依据定性研究中的行动研究方法,探讨了单亲的心理困扰、心理发展规律,以及心理社会干预的有效途径与方法。研究的基本成果有4方面:1.单亲的心理发展历程分为婚姻危机、成为单亲、单亲生活、个人成长、走向再婚5个阶段;2.单亲心理成长与发展有3个重要理念:单亲是一个正常的社会角色、单亲生活可以是快乐的、成为单亲是自我成长发展的一个契机;3.形成了分阶段及多样性的心理干预模式;4.通过心理社会干预,单亲在自我探索、积极人生态度的建立、健康人格的塑造以及社会支持系统的建立等方面有了很大提高,并进一步促成了自身的成长与发展。研究结果表明,单亲需要社会给予更多的关注。
In China, the main reasons of single parents are divorce and bereavement of one's spouse. It is an important subject to evaluate this group and help them live better and develop further. As a result, according to the qualitative analysis method, we discuss the psychology of single parents, the rule of psychological development, and effective ways of social-psycho intervention. The basic results of the study are: 1. The psychological development includes: marriage crisis, becoming single parents, single parents' life, individual grown-up and remarriage. 2. There are three important ideas concerning the psychological grown-up and development: the social role of single parents is normal; the life of single parents can be happy; it is an opportunity for self grownup and development. 3. Different modes of social-psycho intervention are formedAThrough social-psycho intervention,single parents develop themselves on self-exploration,the construction of positive view of life,the shape of healthy personality and the build-up of social support system. The result shows that single parents need more attention from the society.
