人力资本与经济增长之间关系研究

Study on the Relationship between Human Capital and Economic Growth in China

应用协整性分析和因果关系检验法对我国人力资本与经济增长之间的关系进行了研究,在假设正规教育是提高人力资本存量的基本机制下,检验了我国教育结构变量、总体变量与国内生产总值之间的长期关系。研究结果表明,在各教育变量与国内生产总值之间存在长期的协整关系,同时义务教育的普及和具有高等学历劳动力比重的增加大大推动了我国的经济发展;反之,经济增长又在很大程度上促进了我国中、高等教育事业的发展。但是,我国政府对教育投入不足,并且教育投入在不同教育层次、不同地区之间分配不均,最终导致教育投入的实际效用低下等方面仍存在着许多问题亟待解决。

Based on the co-integration analysis and causality method, this paper investigates the relationship between human capital and economic growth of China. Follow the hypothesis that formal education can increase human capital account, we test the long run relationships between education structural variables, overall variables and GDP in China. The results show that there are long-term co-integrations between the variables. At the same time, the popularity of the compulsory education and growth of the rate of labor force with higher education have significantly promoted economic growth. The economic growth, in turn, drives the progress of middle and higher education enterprise to a great extent. But, there are still many problems that should be disposed of, such as insufficient investment in education by our government and imbalanced allocation of investment in the education levels and geagraphical regions. All these could cause low utility of education investment.