麦秸覆盖对盐渍土肥力及作物产量的影响

EFFECT OF WHEAT STRAW MULCHING ON SOIL FERTILITY OF AND CROP PRODUCTION ON SALINE-ALKALINE SOIL

在田间条件下采用定位试验,研究了麦秸覆盖还田措施改良盐化潮土的作用和效果。结果表明:麦秸覆盖还田增加了土壤有机质和 N、P、K 等养分,降低了土壤 pH 值,改善了土壤的物理性状,促进了土壤脱盐;麦秸覆盖还田减少了地面水分的蒸发,有效保持土壤水分,从而抑制了盐分向地表的积聚;麦秸覆盖还田为玉米的正常生长发育创造了良好的土壤肥力基础,使玉米比对照增产 1470 kg/hm2,增产率为 16.20%。

A long-term stationary experiment was carried out in the field, to study effect of mulching the field with wheat-straw on amelioration of salinized aquic-fluvial soil. The result show that the measure increased contents of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutritious elements in the soil and meanwhile decreased soil pH, suggesting that it helps improve physical properties and speed up desalinization of the soil. It also reduced water evaporation, thus efficiently conserving soil moisture and preventing salt from accumulating to the surface layer of the soil. Besides, it also built up soil fertility for normal growth of the crop, corn, thus enabling an increment in yield by 1470 kg/hm2 or 16.20 % over the crop in CK.