劳动者无条件预告解除权之畸形现状——对我国《劳动法》第31条规定之反思

On Present Abnormal Situation of Laborers' Unconditioned Warning Right Of Cancellation —— Rethinking on Article 31, Labor Law of China

我国《劳动法》第31条赋予单方授予劳动者以无条件的预告解除权,其中暗含了严重的法理悖论。"提前30日书面通知"仅是劳动者主观履行的程序,而非其单方预告解除权客观所需满足的条件。《劳动法》第31条由于授权不均及将无条件的单方解除权泛化于一切类型的劳动合同,以及单一僵化的预告期规定模式造成了法理悖论及诸多实体法难题。应借鉴国外先进立法例,对简陋立法下畸形发展的劳动者预告解除权作出纠正。

The Article 31 in Labor Law of China stipulates one-sided unconditioned warning right of cancellation, which implies a severe paradox of law theory. The article 'Notice in writing ahead of 30 days' is nothing but a procedure labours have to carry out and not a term the one-sided unconditioned warning right of cancellation must meet. It has caused a paradox of law theory and problems of substantive law because of its disproportional authorization, application of one-sided right of cancellation to all labor contracts and onefold rigid stipulation mode of warning days in Article 31 of Labor Law. The solution to the problem is to rectify the abnormal right.