论物权变动的便捷与安全原则——兼评《中华人民共和国民法(草案)》的相关规定

On the Principle of Convenience and Security of Transference for Real Right:Comment on the Correlative Regulations of the Civil Code of the PRC (draft)

物权法的财产法性质和物权的支配性特征决定了应将物权变动的便捷与安全原则确立为物权法的一项基本原则。该原则在物权变动中具有独特的功能, 而不能为物权法的其他原则所代替。物权变动的便捷原则要求立法应为没有按照法定形式转让物权的交易者赋予取得该权利及有权得到救济的可能; 物权变动安全原则要求立法在物权变动中应周全地保护第三人的利益, 维护第三人取得物权的安全。我国物权立法应坚持和贯彻物权变动的便捷与安全原则。

The principle of convenience and security for transference of real right should be established as a fundamental principle of real statute, which is determined by the factors that real statute belongs to law of property in nature and the character of dominance of real right.The principle has its own special functions and shall not be replaced by other principles of real statute. The principle of convenience requests legislation to make it possible for the bargainer who didn’t transfer real right according to statutory forms obtain the right and legal protection; and the principle of security requests legislation to give the third party full-scale protection in the transference of real right and maintain the security of trade. So our legislation on real right should stick to and carry out the principle of convenience and security for transference of real right.