不同类型抗虫陆地棉对红铃虫的抗性研究

Evaluation of the Resistance of Different Insect-resistant Cotton Cultivars to the Pink Bollworm

20 0 1- 2 0 0 2年 ,以 33份次陆地棉新品种 (新品系或新组合 )为材料 ,对不同类型棉花的抗红铃虫性进行了研究。抗虫鉴定在网室进行 ,以种子虫害率为抗虫鉴定指标 ,以鄂棉 18为感虫对照品种 ,根据棉花受红铃虫危害情况将棉花的抗虫性分为免疫 (I)、高抗 (HR)、抗虫 (R)、中抗 (MR)、感虫 (S)和高感 (HS) 6级。试验结果表明 ,对红铃虫表现高抗的品种全部为转基因抗虫棉。其中双价 (Bt+CpTI)抗虫棉的抗虫性略优于单价 (Bt)抗虫棉 ;转基因常规抗虫棉的抗虫性略优于转基因杂交抗虫棉 ;转基因抗虫棉的抗虫性明显优于一般陆地棉。抗虫棉的种子虫害率低、僵瓣黄花少、好花率高 ,种植抗虫棉有利于保证棉花的丰产、稳产和提高皮棉质量。

Thirty-three new cultivars (new strains or cross-pollinated combinations) of Gossypium hirsutum L. were tested for their resistance to the pink bollworm in the cage plot during the years of 2001 and 2002. By taking the percentage of damaged seeds as an index and “Emian 18” as control, the cotton insect resistance was classified into six grades of immunity (I), high resistance (HR), resistance(R), moderate resistance (MR), sensitivity (S) and high sensitivity (HS). The results showed that all the materials that expressed high resistance to the pink bollworm were the transgenic insect-resistant cultivars, among which the resistance of double-transgenic (Bt+CpTI) cultivars was stronger than that of mono-transgenic cultivars, and the resistance of two kinds of the transgenic cultivars was stronger than that of the cross-pollinated combinations. All the transgenic materials were significantly better than the cultivars traditionally bred in the insect resistance. Therefore, a conclusion is made that the popularization of growing transgenic insect resistant cultivars can increase the cotton yield and the fiber quality.