晚年丁玲反思的缺失与障碍

The Lack and Obstruction of Late Ding Ling’s Introspection

反思意识的匮乏是晚年丁玲的症结所在。一方面 ,是由于丁玲独特的人生经历和特有的精神结构使她内心深处满蓄着对反思、特别是对政治反思的深切的惧戒 ;另一方面 ,则由于丁玲精神上横亘着勾销论、抵消论这两大思想障碍。丁玲一生 ,有很长一段时间处在社会政治的两极。一极 ,革命生涯 ,忠实的共产党员 ,革命战士 ;一极 ,政治磨难 ,被视为叛徒 ,反党分子 ,右派分子。这种独特人生的两极铸就了丁玲精神的两极。一极 ,革命生涯所带来的振奋和欢乐 ,铸成精神的天堂 ;一极 ,政治磨难则把丁玲推向精神的炼狱 ,痛不欲生。丁玲摆脱政治磨难、追还政治真面的强烈欲望 ,使她的言论、行动乃至创作有了双重性质。一重 ,发自内心 ,是内在要求的自然流露 ,这是根本的方面 ;一重 ,则是有意为之 ,则是向群众、向组织证明自己 ,证明自己同党同革命的始终一致和绝对一致。这种“有意证明” ,极大地堵塞了丁玲反思的路。丁玲的勾销论、抵消论 ,有其片面的真理性和历史合理性 ,不应一概否定 ;但作为反思的障碍 。

The lack of introspective awareness is the crux of late Ding Ling. The reason for it can attribute to two facts. Firstly, Mrs. Ding Ling is deeply afraid of introspection, especially the political introspection in her own heart due to her personal experience and spiritual structure; Secondly, She is obstructed in thought by two theories of writing off and canceling out in her spirit. In her whole life, Ding Ling had been in the two extreme poles of society and politics for ages. On the one hand, she is a faithful communist and revolutionary soldier with a revolutionary career; On the other hand, she is a traitor, counter-party member and Rightist with political sufferings. Her special personal life of two extreme poles forms her double spiritual poles. Her revolutionary carrier brings her excitements and happiness and leads her into spiritual paradise, while political sufferings push her into the spiritual purgatory. Ding Ling tries to get rid of political sufferings and has a strong desire to pursue political truth, which embodies double features in her talks, activities and writings. On the one hand, the fundamental aspect is her natural flow of inner demands; On the other hand, she tries to testify to the mass and authority about her absolute and lifelong unity with the party and revolution. The conscious testimony blocks up her path to introspect greatly. It is one-side truthful and historically reasonable for her theories of writing off and canceling out, so it cannot be denied thoroughly. But as the hinder to introspection, it is not desirable either.