润滑油基础油络合脱氮的溶剂选择

The Solvent Selection of Lubricating Base Oil Complex De-nitrogen

采用Klopman所给出的溶剂化能公式 ,计算了润滑油基础油络合脱氮中不同精制溶剂所产生的溶剂化能的大小。计算结果表明 ,在同一溶剂中 ,过渡金属离子所带的电荷越多 ,产生的溶剂化效应越大 ;当不同溶剂与同种金属离子相互作用时 ,溶剂的介电常数降低 ,对金属离子的溶剂化效应也相对减弱 ,有利于络合物的生成 ,亦即络合物有较大的稳定性。除了考虑溶剂化效应之外 ,还要求溶剂具有适当的选择性和一定的溶解能力。当用于工业化生产时 ,还需要考虑溶剂的价格是否适中。综合溶剂化效应、选择性、溶解能力、价格和实际的碱氮脱除率 5个方面来看 ,糠醛是润滑油基础油络合脱氮的最佳精制溶剂。

In this study, we calculated the solvent energy made by different solvents during the complexing de-nitrogen of lubricating base oil. The results show that in the same solvent the more charge, the larger solvent energy created by transition metal ions. When different solvents act with the same metal ion, the smaller solvent inter-electronic constant, the lower solvent energy, which is in favor of the formation of complexes and such complexes are more stable. Besides the solvation effect, suitable selectivity and certain dissolve ability are also considered. When used in the industrial production, the solvents' price is required to be moderate. From solvent energy, selectivity, dissolve ability, price and the actual removing ratio of alkali nitrogen aspects, furfural is the best refining solvent during the complexing de-nitrogen of lubricating base oil.