有机酸酐在纳米掺锑氧化锡粉体制备中的应用

APPLICATION OF ORGANIC ACID ANHYDRIDE IN PREPARATION OF ANTIMONY DOPED TIN OXIDE NANOSIZED POWDERS

以SnCl_4·5H_2O，SbCl_3为原料，用醇盐水解法制备了掺锑氧化锡(antimony doped tin oxide，ATO)纳米粉体。为了消除粉体团聚，采用有机酸酐作脱水剂，对前驱体胶态沉淀进行脱水处理，并与其它处理方法进行了比较。用XRD，TEM，BET等方法对粉体进行表征，研究了处理方法对ATO纳米导电粉体的粒度、团聚度、晶粒生长以及电阻率的影响。结果表明：有机酸酐处理可以有效地脱除ATO前驱体胶态沉淀中的H_2O和粒子表面的—OH，具有很好的抗团聚效果，可以用来制备比表面积大(≈85.32 m^2／g)、团聚小、电性能好的纳米粉体。

Antinomy doped tin oxide (ATO) nanosized powders were synthesized by hydrolysis of alkoxides, using SnCl4&middot5H2O and SbCl3 as raw materials. Organic acid anhydride was used as dehydration agent to treat the gelatinous precipitates for preparing non-agglomerated ATO nanoparticles. To make a comparison, other dehydration processes such as azeotropic distillation, distilled water washing and absolute ethanol washing were also employed. The influences of dehydration processes on the particle size, agglomeration and resistance of the ATO powder were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET), etc. The results show that the organic acid anhydride can effectively remove the residual H2O and the-OH groups on the surface of hydrate particles. ATO nano-sized powders with large specific surface area of about 85.32 m2/g, low agglomeration and good conductivity can be obtained.