160kA预焙铝电解槽在低分子比和低温条件下的三维电热场

3D Thermo-electric of 160 kA Prebaked AluminumReduction Cell at Low Cryolitic Ratio and Temperature

利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了160kA铝电解槽1/4整槽的三维实体模型和有限元模型。在假定的合适边界条件下,对比分析了电解槽在转变为低分子比、低温条件下前、后的三维电热场分布情况。仿真结果表明:当电解槽转变为低分子比、低温条件后,伸腿增长,结壳增厚,槽底更冷;电解质初晶等温线在底部耐火砖中的位置由中部上移,靠近阴极炭块底部,在端部阴极炭块内水平方向等温线倾斜较大;当降低电解质分子比和电解温度时,增强端部2个炭块高度方向上导热性能,并进行相应的电解工艺和电解槽结构的改进,才有利于提高电流效率。

The three-dimensional thermo-electric solid and Finite Element Models of the full quarter 160 kA aluminum reduction cell were built by using finite analytic procedure ANSYS. Under reasonable assumption of boundary conditions, the thermo-electric field was computed. The results show that under the technologic conditions of low cryolitic ratio and electrolytic temperature, the bottom of the reduction cell becomes colder; the width of the freeze profile increases; the ledge toe becomes longer; and the liquidus isotherms move up near the bottom of the cathodes. And at the end of the cell, the liquidus isotherms in the cathode block tend to flat; increasing thermal properties of the end blocks and changing technologies under low cryolitic ratio conditions are of beneficial to improve the efficiency of current.