地震波形的分形判别与特征提取

The fractal identification of seismic wave and the extraction for its characteristics

研究地震波的复杂性和它的自相似性以及计算地震道时间序列分数维等一系列特征问题,能得出地震波在复杂构造及断点位置的一系列特征,能轻易地实现地震道异常点的计算机自动拾取。对更深入地研究地震波和更准确地解释地震资料,会有很大的帮助。本文提出了计算地震道分数维的一般方法。实验表明地震道时间序列的分数维在异常点会具有不同的数值,其变化点能够定量指示出异常的准确位置。这对更精确的研究时间剖面上断点及不同地质构造变化有着非常重要的意义。

We can get the characteristics of seismic waves in complicated structures and its breakpoint from the research of seismic wave complexity and its self-similarity as well as its fractal, and can easily realize the automatic identification of anomalies on seismic traces. The general method to calculate seismic fractal is presented here. Experiments show that the time sequence fractal of seismic traces has different value in abnormal point, and its variation can indicate the accurate positions of anomaly quantitatively, which is significant to the geotectonic research.