铂族元素的表生地球化学研究进展

Advance on the Study of Surficial Geochemistry of Platinum Group Elements

基性 超基性岩及黑色页岩等风化过程中铂族元素发生了活化和迁移。铂族元素在岩体附近土壤、植物和水体等表生介质中的迁移富集特征可以用来寻找岩浆型铂族元素矿床。黑色页岩风化过程中,Os的表生迁移对海洋187Os 188Os值上升有重要意义。此外,作为重金属元素,机动车铂族元素催化剂在环境中的释放,也会带来潜在的生态环境和人体健康问题。

Platinum Group Elements (PGE) have been considered as being inert in surficial condition for a long time. However,the study of mobility of PGE during weathering of ultramafic-mafic complex and black shale indicates that PGE,released from the primary rocks due to weathering,are abnormally concentrated in soil, plant and water.The secondary enrichment of PGE,especially of Pt and Pd,in surficial media around complex could be used as a potential tool for exploring PGE deposits. And osmium in black shale, transferring during weathering,could contribute main importance to the increase of seawater^(187)Os/^(188)Os since Cenozoic.While PGE emitted from automobile catalysis converters would have a negative effect on ecological environment and human health by their mobility.