地表坡度与薄层水流侵蚀关系的研究

Study on the Relationship between Land Slope and Sheet Flow Erosion

该文从薄层水流侵蚀的动力入手,分别研究了薄层水流侵蚀动力及雨滴击溅与薄层水流动力共同作用下地表坡度与薄层水流侵蚀量的关系。结果表明:仅在薄层水流动力作用下,侵蚀量随地表坡度的递增而递增,二者呈幂函数关系,且递增速率随雨强、地表坡度的递增而增加。在雨滴击溅与薄层水流侵蚀动力共同作用下,侵蚀量与地表坡度呈二次抛物线型关系,即有一临界坡度S_k存在,当地表坡度S<S_k时,侵蚀量是地表坡度的增函数,反之侵蚀量则为地表坡度的减函数。最后分析了地表坡度对坡面薄层水流侵蚀的影响机制。

The relationship between land slope and sheet flow erosion was studied on the base of erosion force of sheet flow.The results indicated that by the erosion of sheet flow,the relationship between land slope and the amounts of erosionwas a power funtion, the amounts of erosion increased with the land slope,and the increasing rate (dsF/ds)added withland slope and rainfall intensity. By the raindrop splash and erosion force of sheet now,the relationship between the a-mounts of erosion and land slope was roughly parabolie,that is there is a critical slope sk. when S<S_k. The amounts oferosion was increased with land slope,but when S>S_k,the amounts of erosion decreased with land slope. Finally,themechanism of land slope effect on the sheet flow erosion was also analysed.