南通县农村产业结构变化、劳动力转移和城镇化发展

CHANGE OF RURAL ECONOMIC STRUCTURE, TRANSFORMA-TION OF SURPLUS RURAL LABOR FORCES AND URBANIZATION IN NANTONG COUNTY, JIANGSU PROVINCE

本文以南通县为典型,研究了近年来我国经济较发达地区农村产业结构变化趋势、农村产业结构类型的形成、劳动力的产业转移和空间转移以及县域城镇化发展,分析了当前存在的问题并提出相应的看法。

In this artical a case study of Nantong County is carried out to illustrate the current rural changes in China. Some conclusions are drawn from detailed analysis of changing rural economic structure, occupational transformation and spatial movement of surplus rural labor forces and urban development in this county. 1. Up to now, rural industry has made the biggest contribution to rural development in more developed parts of China. One major problem to be solved is the coordinate development of industry and agriculture, and the important measure is to expand those categories of rural industry, which are closely related to agricultural production. 2. Currently, a great amount of surplus rural labors is continuously released from agriculture. However, due to restriction by existing socioeconomic conditions the occupational transformation is not always accompanied by their spatial movement, and the process of urbanization is delayed. It is only the appearance of the present stage. With the improvement of socioeconomic conditions rural-urban movement of labors will gradually increase and process of urbanization will be accelerated. 3. The accelerated rural-urban movement and urbanization will not only help land agglomeration and agricultural development, but also promote regional economic development through further growth of secondary sector. For this reason, more attention should be paid to the development of existing small towns in rural area, as well as several rural settlements with greater industrial potential. 4. Until recently, the rural tertiary sector has lagged far behind the demands of commodity production and exchange for it. The accelerated development of this sector will help a lot to further transformation of surplus rural labors and to urban development.