孢粉相及其应用

Palynofacies and its application

本文详细论述了国际上有关孢粉相的分类与命名方案,评述其优缺点,例举海相与陆源的各类孢粉相及其古环境分析;指出孢粉相研究综合了石油地质学、孢粉学、古植物学、沉积学等基础理论,探讨了沉积有机质的来源、搬运、改造、保存一系列作用,从而了解生油岩的形成环境、生油母质和评价生油潜力。其在理论上和实践上均有重要意义,值得广泛的深入研究。

At present palynofacies analysis is widely used in oil and gas exploration to deter- mine the origin, abundance and nature of organic matter in sediments. Research on sedimentary organic matter is useful for understanding the conditions of deposition and diagenesis of source rocks, while results of palynofacies analysis combined with TAI (Thermal Alteration Index)value to indicate the maturation level of sedimentary organic matter,can be used for evaluating the hydrocarbon potential of source rocks. Palynofacie~ analysis involves the characteristics of the origin, abundance and nature of organic components in sediments. This paper gives several classifications of sedimentary organic matter with a discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of these classifications and their application to the study of marine and non-marine sediments. Palynofacies analysis is based on the basic principles of petroleum geology, palynology, paleobotany and sedimentology, and can be taken as an important method in studying paleoenvironment.