梨抗黑星病的遗传育种研究

STUDIES ON INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO THE PEAR SCAB FUNGUS

鸭梨、早酥等8个品种15个杂交组合的F1群体对黑星病的抗性表现为质量性状的遗传。抗病性对感病性为显性。80％以上的供试组合F1对黑星病的抗感分离比可用4对基因控制的抗病性来解释。亲本品种的抗性对杂交后代的影响较大,且品种间有差异。佳白梨、五九香梨是梨抗黑星病育种的良好亲本。西洋梨及其杂种在梨抗黑星病育种中作一亲或双亲是有利的。

The resisance to the pear scab fungus was a qualitative character in the 8 tested varieties. The resistance appeared to be dominant to susceptibility. The ratio of the resistance to susceptibility from more than 80%F1 seedlings in 15 crosses of 8 varieties could be interpreted as 4 pairs of genes. The resistance of the parentages greatly infouenced the percentage of resistant seedling's resistance. A great number of seedoings with resistance could be got in the crosses combination with either one or both of the parentage being resistant varieties. Garber and Wu Jiu Xiang were the good resistant sources in breeding pears for resistance to the pear scab fungus, and so were European Pears or thire progenies.